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Species profile

Brown Fork Tail Loach

Vaillantella cinnamomea

Common names: Brown Fork Tail Loach

Recognized speciesLoaches
Brown Fork Tail Loach (Vaillantella cinnamomea)

Adult size

Up to 20 cm

Typical adult length 14–20 cm.

Up to 20 cm

Countries of origin

  • See all stock from Indonesia

Good fit for your tank?

Good fit for

  • An experienced keeper with a mature aquarium at least 150 cm long, soft sand, subdued lighting, and plenty of shaded retreats.
  • A quiet, well-structured setup where a small group can settle without competition from active or aggressive bottom-dwelling fish.
  • An aquarium where sinking foods can be placed in several sheltered areas so every loach has a chance to feed.

Think carefully if

  • The aquarium is shorter than 150 cm, newly set up, or does not have enough sheltered space for a small group.
  • The tank has coarse or sharp substrate, bright lighting, little cover, or exposed filter gaps that a slender loach could enter.
  • Fast, aggressive, or territorial bottom dwellers are likely to control the hiding places or take most of the sinking food.

A long, cinnamon-brown loach that spends much of its time close to cover. It needs a mature aquarium at least 150 cm long, with soft sand, subdued lighting, stable water, and enough sheltered space for a small group.

Appearance and Identification

A long, narrow loach with cinnamon-brown colouring, a small head, darker shading along the body, and a deeply forked tail.

A long, secretive forest-stream loach whose narrow body and reserved behaviour set it apart from the heavier, more active botiid loaches commonly seen in aquariums.

The sexes are difficult to tell apart outside breeding condition. Mature females may become fuller through the abdomen, but there are no dependable external differences for routine sexing.

Tank Requirements

Suggested filter
About 480–720 litres an hour
Suggested heater
About 250–350 W for this tank
Minimum tank volume
240 litres
Minimum tank length
150 cm
Minimum group size
3
Recommended group size
5
Activity level
Moderate
Flow preference
Low
Planting preference
Heavily planted
Hiding places
Yes
Lid recommended
Yes
Jumping risk
Medium

Use a mature aquarium at least 150 cm long, with soft sand, leaf litter, tangled wood, shaded planting, and plenty of narrow retreats. Keep the lighting subdued and provide gentle to moderate filtration without leaving the bottom open and exposed.

Behaviour and Tankmates

A shy loach that spends much of the day beneath wood, leaf litter, or overhanging cover. It usually becomes more active around dusk and may forage quickly once it feels secure.

Keep at least three together, with five being preferable when space and cover allow. The aquarium should be large and heavily structured, and each fish should be watched for repeated exclusion from food or hiding places.

Usually shy rather than openly aggressive, although fish kept in cramped conditions may compete for the darkest and most secure retreats.

Choose calm midwater fish that will not dominate the aquarium or feeding areas. Avoid boisterous botiid loaches, aggressive bottom dwellers, very small shrimp, and bright tanks with little cover.

Check tankmates for this species

Water Parameters

Temperature
23–28 °C
pH
5–7
GH
1–10
KH
0–6
TDS
30–180
Stability importance
Important

Keep the water clean, stable, and well oxygenated within the stated range. Low organic waste and gradual acclimation matter more than holding the aquarium at one exact pH or hardness value.

Parameter caveat
Match the supplier's water as closely as practical during acclimation, then adjust temperature and mineral content slowly. Rare wild-caught fish may have been kept under a narrower range of conditions than the general care values suggest.

Feeding

Diet types
Carnivore, Insectivore
Feeding frequency
Daily
Preferred foods
  • Quality sinking carnivore or omnivore pelletsChoose a small sinking pellet that the loach can pick up and swallow easily.
  • Frozen insect larvae and crustaceansRotate foods such as bloodworm, cyclops, Artemia, and Daphnia to give the diet more variety.
  • Live aquatic invertebratesOffer occasionally for conditioning and to encourage natural searching and hunting behaviour.

Offer small sinking foods rich in aquatic invertebrate protein. Use a reliable prepared pellet as the regular food, supported with frozen or live insect larvae, Artemia, Daphnia, and similar foods.

Place small portions in several parts of the aquarium. This gives shy or lower-ranking fish a better chance to feed and prevents one individual from guarding the only feeding spot.

Breeding

Breeding type
Egg Layer, Egg Scatterer
Breeding difficulty
Difficult
Breeding temperature
25.5 °C
Breeding pH
6
Brood or egg count
The number of eggs is unknown, and dependable aquarium breeding records are not currently available.
Incubation
3 days
Parental care
None
Baby foods
  • Infusoria or cultured microscopic foodUse as a first food if newly free-swimming fry are still too small to take Artemia.
  • MicrowormsIntroduce once the fry begin moving across the bottom in search of food.
  • Newly hatched Artemia naupliiOffer once the fry are large enough to swallow the nauplii comfortably.

Captive breeding is still poorly documented. The species is thought to scatter or place small eggs among gravel, stones, or vegetation, with no care given afterward. Seasonal temperature changes, increased flow, and conditioning with live foods may be useful, although these methods have not been reliably confirmed for this fish.

Habitat and Origin

Geographic origin
Asia, Indonesia, Southeast Asia
Natural habitat
Blackwater, Slow River, Stream Bank
Aquarium contexts
Freshwater Aquarium, Large Freshwater Aquarium, Planted Aquarium, Species-Only Aquarium
Audience level
Specialist

Classification

Profile type
Recognized species
Genus
Vaillantella
Family
Vaillantellidae
Species group
Fish, Loaches

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