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Species profile

Furunculus Hypancistrus L199

Hypancistrus furunculus

Common names: Furunculus Hypancistrus L199, L199, Hypancistrus Plecostomus

Recognized speciesPlecostomus

Adult size

Up to 12 cm

Typical adult length 9.6–12 cm.

Up to 12 cm

Countries of origin

  • See all stock from Venezuela

Good fit for your tank?

Good fit for

  • An experienced keeper of warm-water cave-spawning plecos
  • A species aquarium with several narrow caves
  • An aquarist prepared for targeted nocturnal feeding

Think carefully if

  • You want an algae-eating community cleaner
  • Cave space is limited
  • Similar Hypancistrus will be mixed without provenance records

Furunculus Hypancistrus L199 is a South American loricariid currently filed as Hypancistrus furunculus. Adults reach approximately 12.0 cm. It requires stable, oxygen-rich water, suitable caves, and deliberate feeding.

Appearance and Identification

A compact Hypancistrus with a dark body patterned by pale bands, saddles or broken markings. Pattern strength varies, so confirmed provenance is useful when separating it from similar coded forms.

This profile is identified by L199 and the current assignment Hypancistrus furunculus. Do not merge it with a visually similar L-number without matching collection locality and diagnostic features.

Mature males generally develop a wider head and stronger odontodes on the cheeks and pectoral fins. Females are fuller through the abdomen, but juveniles are difficult to sex.

Tank Requirements

Suggested filter
About 360–450 litres an hour
Suggested heater
About 100–125 W for this tank
Minimum tank volume
90 litres
Minimum tank length
75 cm
Minimum group size
1
Recommended group size
3
Activity level
Moderate
Flow preference
High
Planting preference
Lightly planted
Hiding places
Yes
Lid recommended
Yes
Jumping risk
Low

Provide warm, clean and highly oxygenated water with rockwork, wood and several tight caves. Strong filtration is needed to support a protein-rich diet without allowing waste to accumulate.

Behaviour and Tankmates

Mostly nocturnal and territorial around caves. It is normally peaceful with unrelated midwater fish but may fight similar plecos over shelter.

Can be kept singly or in a managed breeding group if each adult has an appropriate cave and unobstructed feeding access.

Mature males defend caves and may trap or injure rivals when shelter is limited.

Use calm warm-water companions and give each pleco a separate cave and feeding area. Avoid mixing uncertain Hypancistrus forms if preserving lineage matters.

Check tankmates for this species

Water Parameters

Temperature
26–31 °C
pH
5.5–7.5
GH
1–12
KH
0–6
TDS
30–220
Stability importance
Critical

Maintain stable, clean, oxygen-rich freshwater. Strong filtration and gas exchange are essential because warm water, protein-rich feeding, and loricariid waste can reduce oxygen and impair water quality.

Parameter caveat
Acclimate slowly to changes in temperature and conductivity. Keep ammonia and nitrite at zero, control nitrate, and never allow caves or rockwork to create stagnant waste pockets.

Feeding

Diet types
Carnivore, Insectivore, Omnivore
Feeding frequency
Daily
Preferred foods
  • High-quality carnivore sinking tabletUse a small protein-rich food delivered near each cave after lights dim.
  • Frozen brine shrimp, mysis, or insect larvaeOffer varied small animal foods several times each week.
  • Soft omnivore waferProvides fibre and plant matter alongside the protein-rich staple.
  • Natural biofilmMature hardscape supports supplementary grazing but does not replace deliberate feeding.

Feed quality protein-rich sinking foods, small crustacean and insect foods, with some vegetable matter. It should not be expected to control algae.

Feed after lights dim and place food near every occupied cave. Confirm that subordinate fish eat, and remove rich leftovers before they affect water quality.

Breeding

Breeding type
Cave Spawner, Egg Layer
Breeding difficulty
Difficult
Breeding temperature
29 °C
Breeding pH
6.5
Brood or egg count
Usually about 20 to 80 adhesive eggs, depending on the form and female size.
Incubation
7 days
Parental care
Paternal care
Baby foods
  • Mature biofilmContinuous grazing supports fry between targeted feeds.
  • Finely powdered sinking foodFeed tiny portions close to the breeding cave several times daily.
  • Newly hatched brine shrimpUseful supplementary protein once fry leave the cave and can take moving prey.

Male-guarded cave spawning is possible for this species, but breeding remains a specialist project. Mature compatibility, tight caves and clean oxygenated water are central to success.

Habitat and Origin

Geographic origin
Amazon Basin, South America, Venezuela
Natural habitat
Fast-Flowing Stream, Freshwater River, Rocky Shoreline
Aquarium contexts
Breeding Tank, Freshwater Aquarium, High-Flow Aquarium, Species-Only Aquarium
Audience level
Advanced

Classification

Profile type
Recognized species
Genus
Hypancistrus
Family
Loricariidae
Species group
Fish, Plecostomus
Previous scientific names
Hypancistrus sp. (L199), Historic L-number designation retained as a common identifier.

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