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Species profile

Lunaorum Hypancistrus L339

Hypancistrus lunaorum

Common names: Lunaorum Hypancistrus L339, L339, Hypancistrus Plecostomus

Recognized speciesPlecostomus
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Adult size

Up to 11 cm

Typical adult length 8.8–11 cm.

Up to 11 cm

Countries of origin

  • See all stock from Venezuela

Good fit for your tank?

Good fit for

  • An experienced keeper of warm-water cave-spawning plecos
  • A species aquarium with several narrow caves
  • An aquarist committed to preserving accurate lineage

Think carefully if

  • You want an algae-eating cleanup fish
  • Cave space or oxygenation is limited
  • Similar Hypancistrus will be mixed without breeding control

Lunaorum Hypancistrus L339 is a South American loricariid currently filed as Hypancistrus lunaorum. Adults reach approximately 11.0 cm. It requires stable, oxygen-rich water, suitable caves, and deliberate feeding.

Appearance and Identification

A compact dark Hypancistrus marked with pale round spots across the head, body and fins. Spot size and density vary, so verified provenance is useful when comparing similar snowball forms.

This profile is identified by L339 and the current assignment Hypancistrus lunaorum. Do not merge it with a visually similar L-number without matching collection locality and diagnostic features.

Mature males usually develop a broader head and stronger odontodes on the cheeks, first pectoral rays and sometimes the rear body. Females become fuller through the abdomen, while juveniles are difficult to sex.

Tank Requirements

Suggested filter
About 360–450 litres an hour
Suggested heater
About 100–125 W for this tank
Minimum tank volume
90 litres
Minimum tank length
75 cm
Minimum group size
1
Recommended group size
3
Activity level
Moderate
Flow preference
High
Planting preference
Lightly planted
Hiding places
Yes
Lid recommended
Yes
Jumping risk
Low

Provide warm, clean and highly oxygenated water with strong filtration, shaded rock or wood cover and several close-fitting caves. Protein-rich feeding makes regular waste removal especially important.

Behaviour and Tankmates

Mostly nocturnal and territorial around caves, particularly between adult males. It usually ignores peaceful fish that remain in the middle and upper water layers.

Can be kept singly or in a managed breeding group if each adult has an appropriate cave and unobstructed feeding access.

Mature males defend caves and may trap or injure rivals when shelter is limited.

Choose calm tank mates and give every pleco a separate cave and feeding area. Avoid mixing similar Hypancistrus when accidental hybridisation or loss of provenance would matter.

Check tankmates for this species

Water Parameters

Temperature
26–31 °C
pH
5.5–7.5
GH
1–12
KH
0–6
TDS
30–220
Stability importance
Critical

Maintain stable, clean, oxygen-rich freshwater. Strong filtration and gas exchange are essential because warm water, protein-rich feeding, and loricariid waste can reduce oxygen and impair water quality.

Parameter caveat
Acclimate slowly to changes in temperature and conductivity. Keep ammonia and nitrite at zero, control nitrate, and never allow caves or rockwork to create stagnant waste pockets.

Feeding

Diet types
Carnivore, Insectivore, Omnivore
Feeding frequency
Daily
Preferred foods
  • High-quality carnivore sinking tabletUse a small protein-rich food delivered near each cave after lights dim.
  • Frozen brine shrimp, mysis, or insect larvaeOffer varied small animal foods several times each week.
  • Soft omnivore waferProvides fibre and plant matter alongside the protein-rich staple.
  • Natural biofilmMature hardscape supports supplementary grazing but does not replace deliberate feeding.

Feed a protein-oriented omnivorous diet using quality sinking foods, small crustacean and insect foods, with some plant matter. It is not an algae-control fish.

Feed after lights dim and place food near every occupied cave. Confirm that subordinate fish eat, and remove rich leftovers before they affect water quality.

Breeding

Breeding type
Cave Spawner, Egg Layer
Breeding difficulty
Difficult
Breeding temperature
29 °C
Breeding pH
6.5
Brood or egg count
Usually about 20 to 80 adhesive eggs, depending on the form and female size.
Incubation
7 days
Parental care
Paternal care
Baby foods
  • Mature biofilmContinuous grazing supports fry between targeted feeds.
  • Finely powdered sinking foodFeed tiny portions close to the breeding cave several times daily.
  • Newly hatched brine shrimpUseful supplementary protein once fry leave the cave and can take moving prey.

Captive cave spawning is established. The male guards the clutch in a close-fitting cave, and eggs and fry require clean, strongly oxygenated water with suitable foods.

Habitat and Origin

Geographic origin
Amazon Basin, South America, Venezuela
Natural habitat
Fast-Flowing Stream, Freshwater River, Rocky Shoreline
Aquarium contexts
Breeding Tank, Freshwater Aquarium, High-Flow Aquarium, Species-Only Aquarium
Audience level
Advanced

Classification

Profile type
Recognized species
Genus
Hypancistrus
Family
Loricariidae
Species group
Fish, Plecostomus
Previous scientific names
Hypancistrus sp. (L339), Historic L-number designation retained as a common identifier.

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Macushi Plecostomus L303

Hypostomus macushi

Care level
Intermediate
Adult size
22.5–30 cm
Minimum tank
300 litres
Temperature
22–29 °C

Major Cactus Plecostomus L186

Pseudacanthicus major

Care level
Specialist
Adult size
22.5–30 cm
Minimum tank
300 litres
Temperature
25–30 °C

Mango Plecostomus L047

Baryancistrus chrysolomus

Care level
Advanced
Adult size
22.5–30 cm
Minimum tank
300 litres
Temperature
26–31 °C

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