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Species profile

Spotted Coolie Loach

Pangio muraeniformis

Common names: Spotted Coolie Loach

Recognized speciesLoaches
Spotted Coolie Loach (Pangio muraeniformis)

Adult size

Up to 10 cm

Typical adult length 7–10 cm.

Up to 10 cm

Countries of origin

  • See all stock from Indonesia
  • See all stock from Malaysia
  • See all stock from Singapore

Good fit for your tank?

Good fit for

  • Keepers able to provide at least a 90 cm aquarium with the substrate, current, and cover this loach needs.
  • A mature aquarium where bottom-feeding fish receive targeted food and regular maintenance.

Think carefully if

  • The aquarium is shorter than 90 cm or cannot support the recommended social group.
  • The aquarium has coarse substrate, unprotected filter gaps, or aggressive competition at the bottom.

Spotted Coolie Loach is a bottom-dwelling loach requiring a 90 cm or longer aquarium, suitable substrate, stable water, and species-appropriate social housing.

Appearance and Identification

A slim eel-like loach with a brown to orange body broken by dark spots, saddles, or irregular short bands.

Often hidden by day; a group and fine substrate encourage natural activity.

Mature females are generally larger and fuller through the abdomen. Males may show thicker or modified pectoral-fin rays, but the details vary by species and are not always visible in aquarium fish.

Tank Requirements

Suggested filter
About 200–300 litres an hour
Suggested heater
About 100–150 W for this tank
Minimum tank volume
100 litres
Minimum tank length
90 cm
Minimum group size
5
Recommended group size
8
Activity level
Moderate
Flow preference
Low
Planting preference
Moderately planted
Hiding places
Yes
Lid recommended
Yes
Jumping risk
High

Provide an aquarium at least 90 cm long with a deep layer of fine, smooth sand for burrowing, rounded wood and stone, shaded cover, and no sharp gravel. Seal filter and lid gaps because loaches can enter narrow openings.

Behaviour and Tankmates

Spotted Coolie Loach is a substrate-oriented forager that probes sand and may bury most of its body when resting or alarmed. Activity increases in a secure group, during feeding, and under subdued light.

Maintain at least 5, preferably 8 where practical. A group encourages normal foraging without requiring constant close contact.

Generally non-territorial. Competition is more likely at feeding time than around fixed territories.

Peaceful community fish are suitable when they share the same temperature requirements. Avoid coarse substrate, aggressive bottom fish, and tankmates that consume all sinking food.

Check tankmates for this species

Water Parameters

Temperature
24–28 °C
pH
5–7.2
GH
1–10
KH
0–6
TDS
30–180
Stability importance
Important

Maintain stable, clean water within the stated range. Oxygenation, low organic waste, and gradual acclimation are more important than forcing an exact pH or hardness value.

Parameter caveat
Match the supplier water during acclimation and change temperature or mineral content gradually. Rare wild-caught loaches may arrive adapted to narrower conditions than the general range suggests.

Feeding

Diet types
Insectivore, Omnivore, Scavenger
Feeding frequency
Daily
Preferred foods
  • Small sinking pellets or wafersChoose food that reaches the substrate and softens without disintegrating immediately.
  • Frozen bloodworm, tubifex, or ArtemiaOffer in modest portions as part of a varied diet.
  • Live micro-invertebratesUse occasionally to encourage natural searching and burrowing behaviour.

Provide small sinking foods after the fish are active. Use quality pellets or wafers with regular frozen or live invertebrates. Place some food near cover so shy or burrowing individuals are not outcompeted.

Do not assume these fish can live on leftovers. Confirm that food reaches them, especially in busy community aquariums.

Breeding

Breeding type
Egg Layer, Egg Scatterer
Breeding difficulty
Difficult
Breeding temperature
26 °C
Breeding pH
6.1
Brood or egg count
Dozens to several hundred eggs depending on species and female size.
Incubation
3 days
Parental care
None
Baby foods
  • Infusoria or cultured microscopic foodUse when newly free-swimming fry are too small for Artemia.
  • MicrowormsIntroduce once fry actively search the bottom.
  • Newly hatched Artemia naupliiUse after fry are large enough to swallow nauplii.

An egg-scattering spawner with no parental care. Seasonal changes, abundant live food, and mature adults may trigger spawning among plants or over fine substrate. Protect eggs from adults and filtration, then begin the fry on microscopic foods.

Habitat and Origin

Geographic origin
Asia, Indonesia, Malaysia, Singapore, Southeast Asia
Natural habitat
Sand/Mud Substrate, Slow River, Vegetated Shoreline
Aquarium contexts
Freshwater Aquarium, Freshwater Community, Planted Aquarium
Audience level
Intermediate

Classification

Profile type
Recognized species
Genus
Pangio
Family
Cobitidae
Species group
Fish, Loaches

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