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Species profile

Salvini Cichlid

Trichromis salvini

Common names: Salvini Cichlid, Yellow Belly Cichlid, Salvin’s Cichlid

Recognized speciesCentral American Cichlids
Salvini Cichlid (Trichromis salvini)

Adult size

Up to 22 cm

Typical adult length 15–22 cm.

Up to 22 cm

Countries of origin

  • See all stock from Belize
  • See all stock from Guatemala
  • See all stock from Mexico

Good fit for your tank?

Good fit for

  • An experienced keeper who wants strong colour and bold cichlid behaviour
  • A species-focused aquarium with caves and visual barriers
  • A breeder able to isolate a bonded pair and raise protected fry

Think carefully if

  • You assume its moderate size means moderate aggression
  • The intended tank mates are small, timid or long-finned
  • There is no divider or spare aquarium for pair aggression

A brilliantly coloured but aggressive river cichlid from southern Mexico, Guatemala, and Belize. The accepted name is Trichromis salvini.

Appearance and Identification

The Salvini Cichlid has a bright yellow to yellow-green body crossed by two broken black lateral bands, with blue spangling and red or orange along the belly. Colour intensifies strongly in mature and breeding fish.

Use Trichromis salvini as the accepted name. Its yellow body, red belly, blue spotting, and paired dark lateral pattern are distinctive. Confirm provenance because Central American cichlid hybrids can imitate parts of the pattern.

Males normally grow larger and develop longer, pointed dorsal and anal fins. Females are often more intensely yellow and red, and commonly show a dark blotch in the dorsal fin plus a dark mark low on the gill cover, although individual variation means no single mark is infallible.

Tank Requirements

Suggested filter
About 1,000–1,250 litres an hour
Suggested heater
About 250–375 W for this tank
Minimum tank volume
250 litres
Minimum tank length
120 cm
Minimum group size
1
Recommended group size
1
Activity level
High
Flow preference
Moderate
Hiding places
Yes
Lid recommended
Yes

Provide clean, well-oxygenated water, strong filtration and a layout of sand, rocks, wood, caves and clear visual barriers. Leave open swimming room but create several defensible shelters, since a pair may take control of a broad territory.

Behaviour and Tankmates

Salvinis are alert, predatory and much more aggressive than their moderate adult size suggests. They may appear reserved when young, then become intensely territorial as they mature or form a pair.

Usually maintained singly or as a proven pair. Randomly combining mature fish is risky. A pair needs enough room for retreat and separation.

Adults defend open swimming lanes and spawning sites. Breeding pairs become extremely aggressive and may dominate the whole aquarium.

This is not a normal community cichlid. A single fish or bonded pair is safest, while any mixed setup needs a very large aquarium, equally robust companions and immediate separation options; small, timid and long-finned fish are unsuitable.

Check tankmates for this species

Water Parameters

Temperature
23–28 °C
pH
7–8
GH
5–20
KH
3–12
TDS
100–400
Stability importance
Important

The species is associated with neutral to alkaline, moderately mineralised Central American water. Clean, oxygenated water and stable temperature are important.

Parameter caveat
Do not underestimate aggression because of the fish’s moderate size. Pair bonds may change, and a divider should be available when maintaining two adults.

Feeding

Diet types
Carnivore, Insectivore, Predator
Feeding frequency
Daily
Preferred foods
  • Quality carnivore cichlid pelletUse as the balanced base food.
  • Frozen brine shrimp, mysis, or krillOffer in rotation for varied animal protein.
  • Earthworms or insect larvaeUse clean prey as an occasional conditioning food.
  • Vegetable-based pelletAdds fibre and prevents an exclusively meat-based diet.

Feed a varied omnivorous-predatory diet based on quality cichlid pellets, with frozen or fresh crustacean and insect foods plus some plant matter. Avoid depending on a single rich food or live feeder fish.

Do not use feeder fish. Feed controlled portions and include some plant-based ingredients even though the species strongly prefers animal food.

Breeding

Breeding type
Egg Layer, Substrate Spawner
Breeding difficulty
Moderate
Breeding temperature
26 °C
Breeding pH
7.4
Brood or egg count
Commonly several hundred eggs, often around 500 to 1,000 from a mature female.
Incubation
3 days
Parental care
Biparental care
Baby foods
  • Newly hatched brine shrimpPrimary food once fry are free-swimming; feed small rinsed portions several times daily.
  • MicrowormsUseful supplementary first food for small fry.
  • Fine powdered fry foodUse sparingly and remove uneaten material.
  • Finely crushed high-quality flakeIntroduce as fry grow and can take larger particles.

A compatible pair deposits eggs on a cleaned rock, firm surface or sheltered cave and guards the brood together. Breeding can be reliable after a pair forms, but the adults become highly aggressive and need a dedicated territory, with a divider available if pair conflict develops.

Habitat and Origin

Geographic origin
Belize, Central America, Guatemala, Mexico
Natural habitat
Clearwater, Fast-Flowing Stream, Freshwater River, Rocky Shoreline
Aquarium contexts
Breeding Aquarium, Freshwater Aquarium, Large Freshwater Aquarium, Species-Only Aquarium
Audience level
Advanced

Classification

Profile type
Recognized species
Genus
Trichromis
Family
Cichlidae
Species group
Central American Cichlids, Cichlids, Fish
Previous scientific names
Cichlasoma salvini, Former generic combination still widespread in the aquarium trade., Heros salvini, Original combination., Nandopsis salvini, Former generic placement.

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